Children and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Tips to keep children healthy while school’s outhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/children.htmlCaring for ChildrenUpdated May 15, 2020Help stop the spread of COVID-19TAKE STEPS TO PREVENT CHILDREN AND OTHERS FROM GETTING SICKHelp stop the spread of COVID-19 by doing the same things everyone should do to stay healthy. Teach your children to do the same.
* Clean hands often using soap and water or alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
* Avoid people who are sick (coughing and sneezing).
* Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces daily in household common areas (like tables, hard-backed chairs, doorknobs, light switches,
remotes, handles, desks, toilets, and sinks).
* Launder items including washable plush toys as needed. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions. If possible, launder items using the
warmest appropriate water setting and dry items completely. Dirty laundry from an ill person can be washed with other people’s
items.
You can find additional information on preventing COVID-19 at
How to Protect Yourself and at
Preventing COVID-19 Spread in Communities. Additional information on
how COVID-19 is spread is available at How COVID-19 Spreads.
How to Protect Yourself LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.htmlPreventing COVID-19 Spread in Communities LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/index.htmlhow COVID-19 is spread LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.htmlLIMIT TIME WITH OTHER CHILDRENPractice Social DistancingThe key to slowing the spread of COVID-19 is to limit contact as much as possible. While school is out, children should not have in-person playdates with children from other households. If children are playing outside their own homes, it is essential that they remain 6 feet from anyone who is not in their own household.
To help children maintain social connections while social distancing, help your children have supervised phone calls or video chats with their friends.
CLEAN HANDS OFTENMake sure children practice
everyday preventive behaviors, such as washing their hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. This is especially important if you have been in a public place.
everyday preventive behaviors LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.htmlCHANGE SPRING BREAK & TRAVEL PLANSRevise spring break and travel plans if they included non-essential travel.
If children meet in groups, it can put everyone at risk. Children with COVID-19 may only have mild symptoms, but they can still pass this virus onto others who may be at higher risk, including
older adults and people who have serious underlying medical conditions.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-at-higher-risk.htmlLIMIT TIME WITH OLDER ADULTS ANS PEOPLE WITH SERIOUS UNDERLYING MEDICAL CONDITIONS Older adults and people who have serious underlying medical conditions are at highest risk of severe illness from COVID-19.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-at-higher-risk.html* If others in your home are at particularly
high risk for severe illness from COVID-19, consider extra precautions to
separate your
child from those people.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-at-higher-risk.html* If you are unable to stay home with your child while school is out, carefully consider who might be best positioned to provide
child care.
* If someone at higher risk for COVID-19 will be providing care (older adult, such as a grandparent or someone with a chronic medical
condition),
limit your children’s contact with other people.
* Consider
postponing visits or trip to see older family members and grandparents. Connect virtually or by writing letters and
sending via mail.
CHILDREN 2 YEARS AND OLDER SHOULD WEAR A CLOTH FACE COVERINGChildren 2 years and older should wear a
cloth face covering over their nose and mouth when in public settings where it’s difficult to practice social distancing. This is an additional public health measure people should take to reduce the spread of COVID-19 in addition to (not instead of) social distancing, frequent handwashing, and other
everyday preventive actions. A cloth face covering is not intended to protect the wearer, but may prevent the spread of the virus from the wearer to others. This would be especially important in the event that someone is infected but does not have symptoms. Medical masks and N95 respirators are still reserved for healthcare workers and other first responders, as recommended by current CDC guidance.
cloth face covering LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cloth-face-cover.htmleveryday preventive actions LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.htmlKEEP CHILDREN HEALTHYWatch Your Child For Any Signs of IllnessIf you see any sign of illness consistent with
symptoms of COVID-19, particularly fever, cough, or shortness of breath, call your healthcare provider and keep your child at home and away from others as much as possible. Follow CDC’s guidance on
what to do if you are sick.
Symptoms of COVID-19 LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.htmlWhat To Do If You Are Sickhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/steps-when-sick.htmlWATCH FOR SIGNS OF STRESS IN YOUR CHILD * Some common changes to watch for include excessive worry or sadness, unhealthy eating or sleeping habits, and difficulty with
attention and concentration. For more information, see the “For Parents” section of CDC’s
Stress and Coping.
Stress and Coping LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/managing-stress-anxiety.html* Take time to
talk with your child or teen about the COVID-19 outbreak. Answer questions and share facts about COVID-19 in a
way that your child or teen can understand.
talk with your child or teen about the COVID-19 outbreak LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/talking-with-children.html* Go to CDC’s
Helping Children Cope with Emergencies for more information.
Helping Children Cope with Emergencies LINKhttps://www.cdc.gov/childrenindisasters/helping-children-cope.htmlTEACH AND REINFORCE EVERYDAY PREVENTIVE ACTIONS * Parents and caretakers play an important role in teaching children to wash their hands. Explain that hand washing can keep them
healthy and stop the virus from spreading to others.
* Be a good role model—if you wash your hands often, they’re more likely to do the same.
* Make
handwashing a family activity.
https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/handwashing-family.html* Learn more about handwashing and other
everyday preventive actions.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.htmlHELP YOUR CHILD STAY ACTIVE* Encourage your child to play outdoors—it’s great for physical and mental health. Take a walk with your child or go on a bike ride.
* Use indoor activity breaks (like stretch breaks or dance breaks) throughout the day to help your child stay healthy and focused.
HELP YOUR CHILD STAY SOCIALLY CONNECTED * Reach out to friends and family via phone or video chats.
* Write cards or letters to family members they may not be able to visit.
* Some schools and non-profits, such as the
Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning and The
Yale
Center for Emotional Intelligence, have resources for social and emotional learning. Check to see if your school has tips
and guidelines to help support social and emotional needs of your child.
Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning LINKhttps://casel.org/Yale Center for Emotional Intelligencehttps://www.ycei.org/ASK ABOUT SCHOOL MEAL SERVICESCheck with your school on plans to continue meal services during the school dismissal. Many schools are keeping school facilities open to allow families to pick up meals or are providing grab-and-go meals at a central location.
HELP CHILDREN CONTINUE LEARNINGStay In Touch With Your Child’s School* Many schools are offering lessons online (virtual learning). Review assignments from the school, and help your child establish a
reasonable pace for completing the work. You may need to assist your child with turning on devices, reading instructions, and
typing answers.
* Communicate challenges to your school. If you face technology or connectivity issues, or if your child is having a hard time
completing assignments, let the school know.
CREATE A FLEXIBLE SCHEDULE AND ROUTINE FOR LEARNING AT HOME * Have consistent bedtimes and get up at the same time, Monday through Friday.
* Structure the day for learning, free time, healthy meals and snacks, and physical activity.
* Allow flexibility in the schedule—it’s okay to adapt based on your day.
CONSIDER THE NEEDS AND ADJUSTMENT REQUIRED FOR YOUR CHILDS AGE GROUP * The transition to being at home will be different for preschoolers, K-5, middle school students, and high school students. Talk to your
child about expectations and how they are adjusting to being at home versus at school.
* Consider ways your child can stay connected with their friends without spending time in person.
LOOK FOR WAYS TO MAKE LEARNING FUN * Have hands-on activities, like puzzles, painting, drawing, and making things.
* Independent play can also be used in place of structured learning. Encourage children to build a fort from sheets or practice counting
by stacking blocks.
* Practice handwriting and grammar by writing letters to family members. This is a great way to connect and limit face-to-face contact.
* Start a journal with your child to document this time and discuss the shared experience.
* Use audiobooks or see if your local library is hosting virtual or live-streamed reading events.
CHILDREN MAY HAVE MILD SYMPTOMSBased on available evidence, children do not appear to be at higher risk for COVID-19 than adults. While some children and infants have been sick with COVID-19, adults make up most of the known cases to date.
The symptoms of COVID-19 are similar in children and adults. However, children with confirmed COVID-19 have generally shown mild symptoms. Reported symptoms in children include cold-like symptoms, such as fever, runny nose, and cough. Vomiting and diarrhea have also been reported.
SEVERE ILLNESS AND MULTI-SYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROM IN CHILDRENIt’s not known yet whether some children may be at higher risk for severe illness, for example, children with special healthcare needs. There is more to learn about how the disease affects children. You can learn more about who is most at risk for health problems if they get COVID-19 on
Are You at Higher Risk for Severe Illness.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-at-higher-risk.htmlIf you are concerned your child may have COVID-19, stay at home and contact your healthcare provider. Pediatricians are open during the COVID-19 pandemic and can follow CDC recommendations to keep children and their parents or caregivers safe when in-person visits are needed.
MULTI-SYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROM IN CHILDREN (MIS-C)
CDC and partners are investigating cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. MIS-C has been described as inflammation (swelling) across multiple body systems, potentially including the
* Heart, lungs, and kidneys
* Brain
* Skin
* Eyes
* Gastrointestinal organs
Signs and symptoms of MIS-C include fever and various symptoms such as * Abdominal and neck pain
* Vomiting and diarrhea
* Rash
* Feeling tired
Not all children will have the same symptoms.
If your child has any of these symptoms or other concerning signs,
contact your pediatrician. If your child is showing any emergency warning signs including trouble breathing, persistent pain or pressure in the chest, new confusion, inability to wake or stay awake, bluish lips or face, severe abdominal pain, or other concerning signs,
seek emergency care right away.
CDC is working with state and local health departments to learn more about this syndrome, including how common it is and who is at risk. As new data become available, we will continue to provide information for parents and caregivers as well as healthcare and public health professionals. Current information and guidance on MIS-C for clinicians can be found at
Information for Pediatric Healthcare Providers.https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/pediatric-hcp.html#anchor_1589580133375MORE INFORMATIONASL Video Series: Tips to Keep Children Healthy While School is Out&index=4&t=0s
ASL Video Series: Answers to Questions from Children about COVID-19&index=3&t=0s
Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Preschoolershttps://www.cdc.gov/parents/essentials/index.htmlPage Last Reviewed: May 15, 2020Content source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Division of Viral Diseases
